Seijin No Hi, or Coming of Age Day, is a significant and joyous occasion in Japan, celebrated annually on the second Monday of January. This national holiday (13th January 2025) honors young adults who have reached the age of adulthood, marking their transition into adulthood. Effective April 1, 2022, the Civil Code regards 18 years of age as the start of adulthood in Japan. Before that, the age of adulthood was set at 20. The Ministry of Justice explains that the change was intended to respect the right of decision of those 18 and 19 years of age and to encourage their participation in society.
The day is filled with traditional ceremonies, vibrant festivities, and heartfelt reflections on the responsibilities and privileges of adulthood.
The Historical Significance of Seijin no Hi
The origins of Seijin no Hi can be traced back to ancient Japan, where coming-of-age ceremonies were held to mark the transition from childhood to adulthood. These ceremonies, known as “genpuku” for boys and “mogi” for girls, were typically held for members of the samurai class and involved elaborate rituals and attire. Over time, the practice evolved and became more inclusive, eventually leading to the establishment of Seijin no Hi as a national holiday in 1948.
Traditional Customs and Attire
One of the most striking aspects of Seijin no Hi is the traditional attire worn by the young adults. Women often wear “furisode,” a type of long-sleeved kimono that is both elegant and colorful. The furisode is typically adorned with intricate patterns and vibrant colors, symbolizing the beauty and grace of youth. Men, on the other hand, may wear “hakama,” a traditional garment consisting of wide-legged trousers and a kimono top. Some men opt for Western-style suits, reflecting the blend of tradition and modernity in contemporary Japan.
The Ceremony and Festivities
The day begins with a formal ceremony held at local government offices, community centers, or shrines. These ceremonies, known as “seijin shiki,” are attended by the young adults, their families, and local officials. During the ceremony, the participants receive congratulatory speeches from government representatives and community leaders, who offer words of wisdom and encouragement for their future endeavors. The young adults are also presented with certificates recognizing their new status as adults.
Following the formal ceremony, the celebrations continue with various festivities. Many young adults take the opportunity to visit shrines and temples to pray for good fortune and success in their adult lives. It is also common for families to gather for celebratory meals, where traditional dishes such as “osechi ryori” (New Year’s food) and “mochi” (rice cakes) are enjoyed.
Reflecting on Responsibilities and Privileges
Seijin no Hi is not only a time for celebration but also a moment for reflection. Although the recent change enabled young men and women at such ages to rent an apartment or to have a credit card without the consent of their parents, they still need to wait until turning 20 before consuming alcohol or betting on horse races. The same goes for their participation in a coming-of-age ceremony. They are also expected to take on greater responsibilities in their personal and professional lives. The day serves as a reminder of the importance of maturity, responsibility, and contributing positively to society.
Modern-Day Celebrations and Challenges
In recent years, Seijin no Hi has seen some changes in how it is celebrated. While traditional customs remain an integral part of the day, modern influences have also made their mark. Social media plays a significant role, with young adults sharing their experiences and photos of their attire online. The day has also become an opportunity for reunions, as many young adults return to their hometowns to celebrate with childhood friends and family.
However, Seijin no Hi also faces challenges. The declining birth rate in Japan has led to a decrease in the number of young adults celebrating the day. Additionally, the cost of traditional attire and ceremonies can be a financial burden for some families. Despite these challenges, Seijin no Hi continues to be a cherished and meaningful tradition in Japanese culture.
The Future of Seijin no Hi
As Japan continues to evolve, so too will the celebration of Seijin no Hi. While traditional customs will always hold a special place, there is also room for new and innovative ways to mark this important milestone. The essence of Seijin no Hi lies in its celebration of growth, responsibility, and the promise of a bright future. As long as these values remain at the heart of the day, Seijin no Hi will continue to be a meaningful and cherished tradition for generations to come.
Seijin no Hi, or Coming of Age Day, is a beautiful and significant celebration in Japan that honors the transition from youth to adulthood. With its rich history, traditional customs, and modern-day influences, the day serves as a reminder of the responsibilities and privileges that come with adulthood. As young adults don their elegant attire and participate in ceremonies and festivities, they embark on a new chapter filled with promise and potential. Seijin no Hi is a testament to the enduring values of maturity, responsibility, and cultural heritage, making it a truly special occasion in Japanese society.
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